Maryland's Fair Employment Practices Act Does Not Apply to Actions Prior to October 1, 2007
(April 2010) By Kevin M. Cox, Associate
For more information, contact Paul Farquharson.
Adams v. Morris,
No. L-08-2404; 08-2405 (D. Md. Apr. 15, 2010) available at
http://www.mdd.uscourts.gov/Opinions/Opinions/AdamsMemoOrder.pdf
In this sexual harassment case, the Plaintiffs, Corey Adams
("Mr. Adams") and Tyler Bennett ("Mr. Bennett"), worked for Defendant T.L.
Morris Seafood, Inc. ("TLM"), between April 2007 and June 2007. Mr. Adams and
Mr. Bennett alleged that Defendant Timothy Morris, the sole owner and operator
of TLM, frequently groped them, shouted sexual obscenities, and, on at least one
occasion, offered Mr. Bennett money in exchange for sexual favors.
The Complaint included several common law tort claims as
well as a claim under Title VII and its Maryland analogue, the Fair Employment
Practices Act (the "Act"), MD. CODE. ANN., STATE GOV'T §§ 20-101-1203. The Court
granted the Defendants' Motion for Judgment as a matter of law with respect to
the Title VII claim, finding that TLM was not an "employer" covered by the
statute. Nevertheless, the Court exercised supplemental jurisdiction over the
remaining state law claims.
The jury returned a verdict in favor of the Plaintiffs and
awarded damages on all but one of the remaining claims. The Defendants then
renewed their Motion for Judgment as a matter of law, which the United States
District Court for the District of Maryland granted as to the Act.
The relevant facts were as follows. Mr. Adams began working
for TLM in April 2007. On multiple occasions, Mr. Adams was sexually harassed by
Timothy Morris. Mr. Bennett began working for TLM in May 2007. Mr. Bennett was
also continuously sexually harassed by Timothy Morris. The Plaintiffs left TLM
in June 2007.
After denying the Defendants' Motion to Dismiss the State
employment discrimination claim, but skeptical of the claim's durability, the
Court employed a special verdict sheet that directed the jury to determine
liability and to award damages on a claim-by-claim basis. Through this device,
any damages based on the Act would be excised if subsequent briefing showed that
no recovery under the Act was available. Ultimately, the jury found liability on
assault, battery, and sexual harassment. The jury awarded $5,000 in compensatory
damages for assault with $25,000 in punitive damages. For the claim of battery,
the jury awarded $10,000 in compensatory damages and $50,000 in punitive
damages. As to the sexual harassment claim, the jury awarded $30,000 in
compensatory damages and $100,000 in punitive damages.
The Defendants sought to amend the judgment to exclude the
Plaintiffs' sexual harassment claim under the Act. Based upon the post-trial
briefing, the Court was satisfied that a clear error of law was committed. The
Act is clear that it does not provide for a cause of action for alleged
discriminatory actions that occurred prior to October 1, 2007. Further, like
Title VII, the Act does not apply to employers with fewer than fifteen (15)
employees. In the instant case, the alleged discriminatory actions occurred
between April 2007 and June 2007. Further, it was undisputed that TLM did not
have more than fifteen (15) employees. Therefore, the Plaintiffs' employment
discrimination claim under the Act failed.
The Court found that the correct remedy was to enter an
amended judgment that did not include the Plaintiffs' sexual harassment claim.
Accordingly, the Court granted the Defendants' Motion for Remittitur in part.